10.06.25 English with artificial intelligence (AI) Lesson 1
Первая тема:
TOEFL — компьютерный формат, структура заданий, особенности для билингвов
(используем UK English, академическую лексику, опору на структуру эссе).
Вот примерный черновик (draft), чтобы вы могли опереться и переписать по-своему:
✍️ Sample Paragraph (UK English, ~180 words):
The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is one of the most widely recognised academic English proficiency exams, especially popular among bilingual candidates who aim to study or work in English-speaking environments.
Unlike the IELTS or Cambridge exams, TOEFL is fully computer-based. All four sections — Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing — are completed using a digital interface, which requires candidates to be comfortable with typing, listening through headphones, and speaking into a microphone without live interaction.
В отличие от экзаменов IELTS или Cambridge, TOEFL полностью компьютерный. Все четыре раздела — Reading, Listening, Speaking и Writing — заполняются с использованием цифрового интерфейса, что требует от кандидатов умения печатать, слушать через наушники и говорить в микрофон без живого взаимодействия.
The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is one of the most widely recognised academic English proficiency exams, especially popular among bilingual candidates who aim to study or work in English-speaking environments.
Unlike the IELTS or Cambridge exams, TOEFL is fully computer-based. All four sections — Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing — are completed using a digital interface, which requires candidates to be comfortable with typing, listening through headphones, and speaking into a microphone without live interaction.
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1.Синонимы слов
The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is one of the most widely (broadly) recognised (acknowledged) academic English proficiency (competency) exams, especially popular (well-known) among bilingual (multilingual) candidates who aim (strive) to study (learn) or work (be employed) in English-speaking environments (settings).
Unlike the IELTS or Cambridge exams, TOEFL is fully computer-based (digitally administered). All four sections (parts) — Reading (Comprehension), Listening (Audio Understanding), Speaking (Oral Communication), and Writing (Composition) — are completed using a digital interface (electronic platform), which requires candidates to be comfortable (proficient) with typing (keyboarding), listening (audio reception) through headphones (headsets), and speaking (verbalizing) into a microphone (audio input device) without live interaction (real-time communication).
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2.Вот перефразированный текст с изменением форм слов:
The TOEFL (Testing English as a Foreign Language) is one of the most widely recognised (recognition of English proficiency is widespread) academic (academically focused) English proficiency (competence) exams, especially popular (gaining popularity) among bilingual (those who speak two languages) candidates who aim (set a goal) to study (pursue education) or work (engage in employment) in English-speaking environments (settings where English is the primary language).
Unlike the IELTS or Cambridge exams, TOEFL is fully computer-based (administered digitally). All four sections (categorical assessments)—Reading (textual comprehension), Listening (audio interpretation), Speaking (verbal expression), and Writing (written composition)—are completed using a digital interface (electronic system), which requires candidates to be comfortable (adapted) with typing (text input), listening (auditory processing) through headphones (audio devices), and speaking (oral delivery) into a microphone (sound-capturing tool) without live interaction (real-time communication).
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3.Вот текст с изменённой структурой предложений и переключением на пассивный залог в скобках:
The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is one of the most widely recognised academic English proficiency exams, especially popular among bilingual candidates who aim to study or work in English-speaking environments. (The TOEFL, an internationally recognised exam for assessing English proficiency, is particularly valued by bilingual candidates seeking educational or professional opportunities in English-speaking regions.)
Unlike the IELTS or Cambridge exams, TOEFL is fully computer-based. (In contrast to the IELTS and Cambridge exams, the TOEFL is exclusively administered in a digital format.) All four sections — Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing — are completed using a digital interface, which requires candidates to be comfortable with typing, listening through headphones, and speaking into a microphone without live interaction. (Through a digital interface, candidates complete all four sections—Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing—where proficiency in typing, listening via headphones, and speaking into a microphone without direct engagement is necessary.)
Этот вариант сохраняет исходную информацию, но предлагает изменения структуры предложений. Если хочешь попробовать другой стиль или доработку, скажи!
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4.Вот текст с изменёнными грамматическими конструкциями в скобках:
The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is one of the most widely recognised academic English proficiency exams, especially popular among bilingual candidates who aim to study or work in English-speaking environments. (Being among the most widely recognised tests of academic English proficiency, the TOEFL is particularly well-suited for bilingual candidates pursuing studies or employment in English-speaking regions.)
Unlike the IELTS or Cambridge exams, TOEFL is fully computer-based. (In contrast to the IELTS and Cambridge exams, the TOEFL relies entirely on a computer-based format.) All four sections — Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing — are completed using a digital interface, which requires candidates to be comfortable with typing, listening through headphones, and speaking into a microphone without live interaction. (Candidates must be adept at using a digital interface to complete all four sections—Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing—while typing their responses, listening via headphones, and speaking into a microphone without direct interaction.)
Этот вариант вносит изменения в грамматические структуры предложений, сохраняя оригинальное значение.
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5. Вот текст с изменённой структурой — где он стал либо более кратким, либо расширенным (изменения в скобках):
The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is one of the most widely recognised academic English proficiency exams, especially popular among bilingual candidates who aim to study or work in English-speaking environments. (TOEFL, a globally acknowledged exam, assesses academic English proficiency and is especially sought after by bilingual candidates seeking educational or professional opportunities in English-speaking regions.)
Unlike the IELTS or Cambridge exams, TOEFL is fully computer-based. (Unlike other major English proficiency tests such as IELTS or Cambridge exams, TOEFL is conducted exclusively online, requiring candidates to adapt to a digital testing environment.) All four sections — Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing — are completed using a digital interface, which requires candidates to be comfortable with typing, listening through headphones, and speaking into a microphone without live interaction. (Candidates must demonstrate proficiency in digital communication by completing all four sections—Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing—on a computer, using headphones for listening comprehension, typing for written responses, and speaking into a microphone without direct conversation with an examiner.)
Этот вариант либо сокращает текст, либо добавляет объяснения для большей ясности.
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6. Вот текст с изменением числовых данных и их представлением в другом формате (изменения в скобках):
The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is one of the most widely recognised academic English proficiency exams, especially popular among bilingual candidates who aim to study or work in English-speaking environments. (The TOEFL is among the most well-known academic English assessments, taken by thousands of bilingual candidates annually to pursue studies or employment abroad.)
Unlike the IELTS or Cambridge exams, TOEFL is fully computer-based. (Unlike IELTS and Cambridge exams, TOEFL is administered exclusively online, with millions of test-takers completing it worldwide each year.) All four sections — Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing — are completed using a digital interface, which requires candidates to be comfortable with typing, listening through headphones, and speaking into a microphone without live interaction. (The test consists of four sections—Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing—all conducted through a digital interface, where candidates type answers, listen using audio equipment, and speak into a microphone without direct communication.)
Этот вариант заменяет общие выражения на конкретные числовые или количественные данные.
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7. Вот текст с альтернативными определениями, которые объясняют термины другими словами (изменения в скобках):
The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is one of the most widely recognised academic English proficiency exams, especially popular among bilingual candidates who aim to study or work in English-speaking environments. (TOEFL is a standardized test designed to assess the ability of non-native English speakers to understand and use the language in academic settings. It is particularly well-known among individuals who speak more than one language and wish to pursue education or employment in countries where English is the primary mode of communication.)
Unlike the IELTS or Cambridge exams, TOEFL is fully computer-based. (In contrast to other proficiency tests like IELTS or Cambridge exams, TOEFL is conducted entirely through digital means, requiring candidates to interact with a computerized testing system.) All four sections — Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing — are completed using a digital interface, which requires candidates to be comfortable with typing, listening through headphones, and speaking into a microphone without live interaction. (The test consists of four core components—text comprehension, auditory processing, verbal expression, and written composition—all carried out via an online platform. Participants must be proficient in entering text, interpreting audio through specialized equipment, and articulating spoken responses without direct conversation.)
Этот вариант заменяет специфические термины на более доступные или поясняющие формулировки.
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1.Синонимы слов
The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is one of the most widely (broadly) recognised (acknowledged) academic English proficiency (competency) exams, especially popular (well-known) among bilingual (multilingual) candidates who aim (strive) to study (learn) or work (be employed) in English-speaking environments (settings).
2.Вот перефразированный текст с изменением форм слов:
The TOEFL (Testing English as a Foreign Language) is one of the most widely recognised (recognition of English proficiency is widespread) academic (academically focused) English proficiency (competence) exams, especially popular (gaining popularity) among bilingual (those who speak two languages) candidates who aim (set a goal) to study (pursue education) or work (engage in employment) in English-speaking environments (settings where English is the primary language).
3.Вот текст с изменённой структурой предложений и переключением на пассивный залог в скобках:
The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is one of the most widely recognised academic English proficiency exams, especially popular among bilingual candidates who aim to study or work in English-speaking environments. (The TOEFL, an internationally recognised exam for assessing English proficiency, is particularly valued by bilingual candidates seeking educational or professional opportunities in English-speaking regions.)
4.Вот текст с изменёнными грамматическими конструкциями в скобках:
The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is one of the most widely recognised academic English proficiency exams, especially popular among bilingual candidates who aim to study or work in English-speaking environments. (Being among the most widely recognised tests of academic English proficiency, the TOEFL is particularly well-suited for bilingual candidates pursuing studies or employment in English-speaking regions.)
5. Вот текст с изменённой структурой — где он стал либо более кратким, либо расширенным (изменения в скобках):
The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is one of the most widely recognised academic English proficiency exams, especially popular among bilingual candidates who aim to study or work in English-speaking environments. (TOEFL, a globally acknowledged exam, assesses academic English proficiency and is especially sought after by bilingual candidates seeking educational or professional opportunities in English-speaking regions.)
6. Вот текст с изменением числовых данных и их представлением в другом формате (изменения в скобках):
The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is one of the most widely recognised academic English proficiency exams, especially popular among bilingual candidates who aim to study or work in English-speaking environments. (The TOEFL is among the most well-known academic English assessments, taken by thousands of bilingual candidates annually to pursue studies or employment abroad.)
7. Вот текст с альтернативными определениями, которые объясняют термины другими словами (изменения в скобках):
The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is one of the most widely recognised academic English proficiency exams, especially popular among bilingual candidates who aim to study or work in English-speaking environments. (TOEFL is a standardized test designed to assess the ability of non-native English speakers to understand and use the language in academic settings. It is particularly well-known among individuals who speak more than one language and wish to pursue education or employment in countries where English is the primary mode of communication.)
ИИ
Grammatical methods you used:
1. Synonymy
Lexical substitution without changing the sentence structure.
2. Morphological transformation
Changing parts of speech and using word formation (e.g., recognised → recognition).
3. Shift to the passive voice / syntactic transformation
The sentence structure changes: the subject is no longer the active agent.
4. Grammatical constructions
For example, using participial phrases: “Being among…”
5. Compression / expansion of statements
Altering the density of information.
6. Adding numerical and statistical data
Using quantities and figures in reformulation.
7. Explanatory definitions (descriptive method)
Explaining terms instead of translating them directly.
Тест: Определи грамматический метод перефразирования
1.
Original:
"Students need good language skills to pass the TOEFL."
Paraphrase:
"Strong language abilities are required for success in the TOEFL exam."
Вопрос: Какой метод использован?
+a) Синонимия
b) Пассивный залог
c) Пояснительное определение
2.
Original:
"recognised" → "recognition"
Вопрос: Что за приём?
a) Сжатие
+b) Морфологическая трансформация
c) Синонимия
3.
Original:
"The TOEFL is a globally acknowledged test."
Paraphrase:
"It is taken by thousands of candidates each year worldwide."
Вопрос: Что изменилось?
+a) Добавление статистики
b) Морфология
c) Синонимия
4.
Original:
"The TOEFL is widely recognised."
Paraphrase:
"Being one of the most recognised exams, the TOEFL..."
Вопрос: Какой метод?
+a) Грамматическая конструкция
b) Пояснение
c) Морфология
5.
Original:
"Bilingual candidates aim to study abroad."
Paraphrase:
"Those who speak two languages wish to pursue education overseas."
Вопрос:
+a) Пояснительное определение
b) Синонимия
c) Пасивный залог
6.
Original:
"TOEFL is for academic purposes."
Paraphrase:
"TOEFL, a test measuring academic English proficiency..."
Вопрос:
+a) Расширение
b) Сжатие
c) Грамматическая конструкция
7.
Original:
"Candidates take the exam."
Paraphrase:
"The exam is taken by candidates."
Вопрос:
a) Морфология
b) Пояснение
+c) Переход в пассив
Вот тест 2 уровня сложности — теперь задания чуть коварнее. Выберите один основной грамматический метод перефразирования, использованный в каждом примере:
1.
Original:
"TOEFL helps universities assess students’ English skills."
Paraphrase:
"The exam enables academic institutions to evaluate applicants’ command of English."
Варианты:
a) Морфологическая трансформация
b) Синонимия
c) Переход в пассивный залог
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Тест 2 уровня сложности (без подсказок):
1.
Original:
"TOEFL helps universities assess students’ English skills."
Paraphrase:
"The exam enables academic institutions to evaluate applicants’ command of English."
Варианты:
a) Морфологическая трансформация
b) Синонимия
c) Переход в пассивный залог
2.
Original:
"Candidates prepare for TOEFL in different ways."
Paraphrase:
"Different preparation methods are used by candidates taking the TOEFL."
Варианты:
a) Грамматическая конструкция
b) Синонимия
c) Переход в пассивный залог
3.
Original:
"Language proficiency is essential."
Paraphrase:
"Having strong language skills is crucial."
Варианты:
a) Грамматическая конструкция
b) Морфология
c) Пояснительное определение
4.
Original:
"TOEFL is a standardised test for English learners."
Paraphrase:
"This exam, taken by millions globally, evaluates non-native speakers’ academic English."
Варианты:
a) Расширение + статистика
b) Морфологическая трансформация
c) Синонимия
5.
Original:
"Many bilinguals want to study abroad."
Paraphrase:
"A large number of individuals fluent in two languages aim to pursue higher education in foreign countries."
Варианты:
a) Синонимия
b) Пояснительное определение
c) Переход в пассив
6.
Original:
"The TOEFL is recognised around the world."
Paraphrase:
"Global recognition has been given to the TOEFL exam."
Варианты:
a) Расширение
b) Морфологическая трансформация
c) Переход в пассив
7.
Original:
"Students take the TOEFL test to enter universities."
Paraphrase:
"The TOEFL is taken by students aiming for university admission."
Варианты:
a) Пояснительное определение
b) Переход в пассивный залог
c) Синонимия
2.
Original:
"Candidates prepare for TOEFL in different ways."
Paraphrase:
"Different preparation methods are used by candidates taking the TOEFL."
Варианты:
a) Грамматическая конструкция
b) Синонимия
c) Переход в пассивный залог
3.
Original:
"Language proficiency is essential."
Paraphrase:
"Having strong language skills is crucial."
Варианты:
a) Грамматическая конструкция
b) Морфология
c) Пояснительное определение
4.
Original:
"TOEFL is a standardised test for English learners."
Paraphrase:
"This exam, taken by millions globally, evaluates non-native speakers’ academic English."
Варианты:
a) Расширение + статистика
b) Морфологическая трансформация
c) Синонимия
5.
Original:
"Many bilinguals want to study abroad."
Paraphrase:
"A large number of individuals fluent in two languages aim to pursue higher education in foreign countries."
Варианты:
a) Синонимия
b) Пояснительное определение
c) Переход в пассив
6.
Original:
"The TOEFL is recognised around the world."
Paraphrase:
"Global recognition has been given to the TOEFL exam."
Варианты:
a) Расширение
b) Морфологическая трансформация
c) Переход в пассив
7.
Original:
"Students take the TOEFL test to enter universities."
Paraphrase:
"The TOEFL is taken by students aiming for university admission."
Варианты:
a) Пояснительное определение
b) Переход в пассивный залог
c) Синонимия
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Первый вариант:
The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is one of the most widely recognized exams for assessing academic English proficiency. It is particularly popular among bilingual candidates who aspire to study or work in English-speaking environments.
Unlike the IELTS or Cambridge exams, the TOEFL is conducted entirely in digital format. All four sections—Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing—are completed through a computerized interface, requiring candidates to be proficient in typing, listening via headphones, and speaking into a microphone without direct interaction.
Второй вариант:
The TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is considered one of the most well-known exams for confirming academic-level language proficiency. It is popular among bilingual individuals who seek opportunities to study or work in English-speaking countries.
Unlike the IELTS or Cambridge exams, the TOEFL is fully computerized. All four sections—Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing—are completed using a digital interface, requiring candidates to be comfortable with typing, listening through headphones, and speaking into a microphone without live interaction.
Оба варианта передают основное содержание исходного текста, но немного отличаются стилистически. Какой тебе больше нравится?
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Here are the main paraphrasing techniques that will help you rephrase a text while preserving its meaning:
- Using synonyms – replacing key words with similar ones.
- Changing word forms – for example, converting a verb into a noun or vice versa.
- Rearranging sentence structure – altering word order or switching from active to passive voice.
- Modifying sentence patterns – using different grammatical constructions.
- Summarizing or expanding – making the text more concise or adding explanations.
- Adjusting numerical data – presenting numbers or percentages in a different format.
- Using alternative definitions – explaining terms and concepts in different words.
You can find a more detailed explanation of these techniques here and here. If you’d like to practice, I can offer some exercises!
Вот основные техники перефразирования, которые помогут тебе изменить текст, сохраняя его смысл:
- Использование синонимов – замена ключевых слов на их аналогичные по значению.
- Изменение формы слов – например, превращение глагола в существительное или наоборот.
- Перестановка слов в предложении – изменение порядка слов или переход от активного к пассивному залогу.
- Изменение структуры предложений – использование разных грамматических конструкций.
- Обобщение или детализация – можно сделать текст более кратким или, наоборот, добавить пояснения.
- Изменение чисел и процентов – представление числовых данных в другом формате.
- Использование разных определений – перефразирование терминов и понятий другими словами.
Ты можешь найти более подробное объяснение этих техник здесь и здесь.
✅ Ваша задача:
Переписать этот текст по-своему. Можно менять структуру, фразы, добавлять свой опыт.
Не обязательно копировать — пусть текст будет вашим голосом.
Если хотите, я помогу вам абзац за абзацем: вы пишете — я редактирую.
TOEFL iBT Skills – Paraphrasing
Paraphrasing means restating what you have heard or read in your own words. The objective is to use different words to express the same ideas. You must resist the temptation to copy entire lines or long phrases from the original passage, or learn acceptable ways in which to do so. Copying the words of others is called plagiarism, and is looked upon very strictly in academic and professional environments. It's best to develop effective paraphrasing strategies today, which you can use confidently all your life.
PARAPHRASING TECHNIQUES
You will need to recognize a paraphrase or produce a paraphrase in all sections of the TOEFL. Barron's TOEFL iBT provides step-by-step techniques, which help you learn how to paraphrase in a number of ways. Their methods include substituting synonyms, using alternative grammatical forms, avoiding common paraphrasing difficulties, and citing expressions and ideas. Many other ESL writing books include similar sections on developing paraphrasing skills.
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Скажите, как вам удобнее?
Выполнение:
Вот ссылки на учебники по программе TOEFL:
• The Official Guide to the TOEFL iBT – здесь (TOEFL iBT (Internet-Based Test))
• Barron's TOEFL iBT – здесь
• Cambridge Preparation for the TOEFL Test – здесь
• Kaplan TOEFL iBT Premier Prep Plus – здесь
• Longman Preparation Course for the TOEFL Test – здесь
• Cracking the TOEFL iBT – здесь
- Barron's TOEFL Superpack.
- Cambridge Preparation for the TOEFL.
- The Official Guide to the TOEFL iBT.( (Internet-Based Test)))
- Barron's TOEFL iBT.
- Kaplan TOEFL iBT.
- Cracking the TOEFL iBT with Audio CD.
- Check Your Vocabulary for TOEFL.
- 400 Must-Have Words for the TOEFL.
10 бесплатных ресурсов для подготовки к TOEFL
Подготовку к TOEFL можно начать с 10 бесплатных ресурсов, которые мы нашли для вас.
Можно ли подготовиться к сдаче TOEFL самостоятельно? Конечно, если вы намерены учить английский с нуля, без педагога не обойтись. Но если вы уже владеете языком, готовиться к экзамену можно самим. Вам необходимо подтянуть словарный запас, закрепить грамматику, а также научиться слушать и говорить. Мы нашли 10 самых толковых интернет-ресурсов, которые помогут вам в подготовке к сдаче TOEFL.
TOEFL.ru
Сайт TOEFL.ru в числе первых, куда заходят, желающие сдать экзамен. Самые полезные разделы на сайте – «Примеры тестов» и «Полезные рекомендации для подготовки». Но, как-то, больше теории, нежели интерактивной практики.
Good luck TOEFL
https://www.goodlucktoefl.com - полное описание и определения.
А вот сайт goodlucktoefl,, действительно, следует посетить. Это просто самая настоящая энциклопедия или (если угодно) путеводитель по экзамену. Все описано подробно и пошагово. Есть даже раздел с видеозаписями. Жаль, мало примеров для тренировки. Но те, что есть, полезные.
TOEFL iBT - Your Complete Guide
Studying for the TOEFL exam can be scary, difficult, and confusing. Like thousands of other students around the world, you probably have so many questions:
- Where do I start?
- What do I need to know?
- How do I know when I'm ready?
- Which books do I use?
- How do I register?
Good Luck TOEFL gives you the answers.
Getting a high score on the TOEFL iBT is not just a matter of luck. Success on the TOEFL depends on three elements: your knowledge, skills, and attitude.
This website will take you step-by-step through each of these, so you can perform at your best on the day of your exam. You'll learn the TOEFL secrets that will get you the high score you need to enter college or university.
Everything you need to do well on the TOEFL is right here:
TOEFL BASICS
For an introduction to the TOEFL, start with the TOEFL Overview, where we'll explain the TOEFL fundamentals, how to register, what you can bring on the day of the test, how your test is scored, and more.
The TOEFL iBT Format section explains the four sections of the TOEFL - reading, listening, speaking, and writing - in greater depth, so you'll know what to expect.
TOEFL SKILLS
The important TOEFL Skills section covers all the skills you need to achieve top TOEFL performance. You may be surprised to learn that the academic skills extend beyond reading, listening, speaking and writing, to include grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation. In addition, support skills such as note-taking, summarizing, and mind mapping, also play a critical role in enabling you to complete the TOEFL more easily and confidently. Our TOEFL Resources section tells you how about other ways you can study for the exam.
... AND GOOD LUCK
Designed by a team of experienced and professional TOEFL exam specialists who have worked successfully with thousands of ESL students just like you, this website will help you achieve the maximum score by following a systematic TOEFL study plan. Just read through and study the steps on the left, in the order presented. Don't forget to bookmark us so you can come back!
If you feel this site has helped you, please help us help others by spreading the word and telling your friends.
Thank you -- and Good Luck on your TOEFL!
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Test magic
Еще один полезный сайт. На testmagic можно найти:
Тесты.
Грамматические упражнения.
Примеры эссе и т.д.
Но самое полезное – форум, где можно задать вопросы и пообщаться с другими студентами. Что важно, все на английском. А это – возможность лишний раз потренировать язык.
Learn 4 good
https://www.learn4good.com/languages/spec_english_toefl.htm
Как и предыдущий сайт, Learn4good тоже информативный и полезный. Вы найдете:
Подробное описание самого теста и того, как проставляются баллы.
Примеры тестовых заданий (12 блоков по 25 вопросов) и упражнения.
Словарь, где представлен основной лексикон, необходимый для сдачи теста.
Quiz tree
За лексиконом и грамматикой можно сгулять на quiz-tree.
Quiz let
Еще один quiz – сайт quizlet. Идеальный помощник для пополнения словарного запаса. Получаете новые слова, делаете упражнения, запоминаете.
English test
Словари и практические задания – вот, чем полезен ресурс english-test.net
Test den
Похожий ресурс testden не предоставляет ничего, кроме пробного электронного теста, который можно пройти в режиме реального времени. Согласитесь, неплохой тренажер.
Test pre practice
Еще один тренажер - testpreppractice. Выдалась свободная минутка – сели и покликали. Со временем доведете до автоматизма.
Graduates hot line
Та же история, что в случае с предыдущим сайтом. graduateshotline дает возможность пройти тест toefl online.
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